Hospitals: Group I-2, Type IA or IB construction required for most. Defend-in-place: horizontal evacuation to adjacent smoke compartments rather than full building evacuation. CMS (Medicare/Medicaid) requires NFPA 101 compliance. Key systems: emergency power (life safety + critical branch per NFPA 110), medical gas (NFPA 99), nurse call, fire alarm (NFPA 72), sprinklers, smoke compartments (max 22,500 sf). FGI Guidelines for Design and Construction of Hospitals. Budget: $400-$1,200/sf. Timeline: 24-60 months.