Glulam: layers of dimension lumber bonded with waterproof adhesive. 24F-V4 DF/DF (Douglas Fir): Fb=2,400 psi bending, Fv=265 psi shear, E=1,800,000 psi MOE, Fc-perp=650 psi. ANSI A190.1 / AITC 117. Sizes: standard widths 3-1/8, 5-1/8, 6-3/4, 8-3/4, 10-3/4 in. Depth: 1.5in lamination increments. Spans: 20-100+ ft. Grades: architectural (smooth, filled), industrial (rougher), framing (concealed). Camber: typically 1.5x dead load deflection. Connection: steel hardware (concealed or exposed knife plates, hangers, column caps). Fire: heavy timber char rate 1.5 in/hr — 1-hr rating inherent for large sections. Cost: $3-$8/bf. Advantages: long spans, beautiful exposed structure, sustainable (carbon sequestration), fire-resistant. CSI 06 18 13.