Construction sites require utilities including power, water, communications, and waste management. Temporary power systems provide electricity for tools and equipment. Portable generators or connections to utility power provide the energy. Power distribution must use properly grounded equipment with GFCI protection for safety. Temporary water systems provide water for construction activities and sanitary facilities. Water from municipal supply is used or portable water tanks are installed. Potable water for drinking and sanitation is required. Temporary sanitary facilities including portable toilets and handwashing stations are provided. The number of facilities depends on the number of workers. Sewer connections or portable holding tanks handle waste. Site communications including phones and internet support construction activities. Mobile phones are common but may have limited coverage. Two-way radios allow communication across the site. Waste management separates recyclable materials from non-recyclable. Cardboard, metal, and plastic are typically recycled. Construction waste disposal requires disposal containers or landfill services. Hazardous waste must be handled separately. Air quality and noise management may be required in sensitive areas. Air quality monitoring detects dust and other airborne contaminants. Dust control measures including water spray reduce dust. Noise limits may be imposed; acoustic barriers reduce noise. Site security prevents unauthorized access and theft. Fencing, gates, and security personnel protect the site. Site signage communicates hazards and site rules. Temporary roads provide access throughout the site. Base materials and maintenance keep roads passable. Site restoration at completion removes temporary systems.