Portable ladders must extend at least 3 feet above the upper landing surface. Non-self-supporting ladders (leaning ladders) placed at a 4:1 ratio — base 1 foot out for every 4 feet of height. All ladder rungs uniformly spaced 10-14 inches apart. Load capacity: Type IA = 300 lbs, Type I = 250 lbs, Type II = 225 lbs, Type III = 200 lbs. Never use the top 2 rungs of a stepladder. Inspect before each use — discard damaged ladders immediately. Metal ladders prohibited near electrical. Fixed ladders over 24 feet require a cage, well, ladder safety device, or self-retracting lifeline. Training required for all ladder users per 1926.1060. Ladder falls account for approximately 20% of construction fall injuries.