Final inspection (Certificate of Occupancy / CO): the last required inspection before legal occupancy. Inspector verifies: all previous inspections passed, all systems operational (HVAC running, plumbing flowing, electrical live), fire alarm tested (acceptance test per NFPA 72), sprinkler system operational with flow test, exit signs illuminated, emergency lighting functional, egress paths clear, smoke detectors installed and tested, CO detectors where required, handrails/guards secure, GFCIs and AFCIs tested, elevator certificate posted, address numbers visible, fire extinguishers placed, accessibility features complete. Temporary CO (TCO) may be issued for partial occupancy while minor items are completed (punch list). CO valid until change of use or major renovation.