Lockout/tagout (LOTO) procedures must be implemented for all equipment that could cause injury if unexpectedly energized during maintenance or repair. Before maintenance begins, the equipment must be de-energized by shutting it off and removing or isolating energy sources. Stored energy in springs, hydraulic systems, or elevated loads must be relieved before work begins. Locks must be placed on all energy isolation devices and must prevent operation of the device. Tags must be affixed to locks explaining why the equipment is locked out and the date and time. Only the person who placed the lockout device may remove it. If the person is unavailable, a supervisor must verify it is safe to remove the device before proceeding. Lockout devices must be secure and tamper-resistant. Keys must be kept by the authorized personnel and must not be duplicated. Group lockout procedures must be used when multiple workers are maintaining equipment. Verification that the equipment is de-energized must be done after lockout using appropriate test equipment. Specialized equipment such as air-powered lockout devices may be needed for specific applications. Training must cover LOTO procedures and the hazards of working on energized equipment. Inspections must verify LOTO compliance. Maintenance technicians and supervisors must be trained and authorized to implement LOTO procedures.