Carpenters frame buildings, install structural components, and perform finish carpentry work. While licensing requirements vary by jurisdiction, apprenticeships (typically 3-4 years) are standard. Work includes floor framing, wall framing, roof framing, stair construction, cabinetry, and trim installation. Carpenters work with wood, engineered lumber, metal studs, and composite materials. Typical hourly rates range from $35-$70. Union carpenters belong to the United Brotherhood of Carpenters (UBC) union with various specializations. Specializations include heavy timber, finish carpentry, cabinet making, and stairs. Carpenters must understand structural design, building code compliance, and safety protocols. Advanced skills include CNC operation and architectural millwork.